Hinged double-hung windows



HINGED DOUBLEHUNG WINDOWS;

Filed Feb. 25, 1966 Shet of 2 Ali May 6, 1969 r P. NACHTSHEIM 3,442,049

HINGED DOUBLE-HUNG WINDOWS Filed Feb. 25. 1966 sheet /2 or2 INVENTOR United States Patent 3,442,049 HINGED DOUBLE-HUNG WINDOWS Peter Nachtsheim, 1927 S. Central Ave., South Plainfield, NJ. 07080 Filed Feb. 23, 1966, Ser. No. 529,279 Int. Cl. Ed 15/22; E06b 7/14 US. Cl. 49-164 3 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE This invention is a continuation-in-part and improvement over my patent 3,214,801 filed Oct. 22, 1964.

This invention relates to hinged double-hung windows of my Patent 3,214,801, Nov. 2, 1965 and has for its principal object improvements having to do primarily with providing adequate rain-free ventilation during rain storms.

At times, particularly in cold climates, during heavy rain, more ventilation is desirable than is possible when the two sashes of my patent are both closed. However, when one raises the lower sash, which is nearer indoors, so as to make a horizontal crack between the bottom of the inner sash and the top of the inner swinging stool, air and rain will both enter through such crack although only air will pass between the two sashes.

To insure adequate ventilation under any conditions, the lower sash is raised so that its bottom edge is very slightly below the upper surface of the movable stool. No rain will enter at that point for the rain would then strike the vertical lower outside portion of the lower sash, the weather side of the sill of the swinging frame and the coplanar vertical weather side of the fixed sill and then run down the sloping face of the sill and out.

To meet unusual conditions, a three sided gutter, forming a Gothic U, is formed in the fixed frame backed by corresponding seals in the bottom of the swinging stool, the gutter discharging via a plurality of passageways or weep holes, thus effectively insuring against any possible penetration of rain.

A further object of the invention is to provide elongated resilient ring-type gaskets between a fixed frame and a frame hinged thereto and between the supported sashes so arranged that the two frames with the sashes are sealed at head, jambs and sill with the window being closed; also each gasket is in a sheltered location, protected from damage, but it can readily be inserted in place and can equally easily be removed by grasping its protruding portion with a pair of nippers or pulling it directly out an open end of its enclosure.

Another object of the invention is to prevent freezing of sash units in their swinging frame as well as freezing of the swinging frame in its fixed frame by using a twounit gasket seal between them at head, jambs and sill; at present when the outdoor temperature is 18 degrees Fahrenheit, frost forms on the sash glass and any metal parts of the sash guides indoors, when air is allowed to pass between them from indoors to outdoors. When the outdoor temperature rises up to 31 degrees, condensation and subsequent freezing of this dew on head, jambs and sill takes place. This is a normal winter condition in the temperature zones. The main purpose of the indoor unit of the two-unit gasket seal is to act as a vapor barrier that keeps the indoor air from passing outdoors and thereby eliminates condensation; any air held between the two gaskets is then dry still air which does not precipitate 3,442,049 Patented May 6, 1969 moisture for freezing. The frost formation with subsequent freezing of sashes in the swinging frame and between frames is reduced by the two-unit gasket to a minimum.

The primary object and summary of this invention is to show more in detail the resilient gaskets at all places where the sashes and frame with stool contact the fixed sash frame and sill for rain and weathersealing for better air conditioning control, also show how gutters with weepholes intercept and keep driven rainwater from the indoors for direct outdoor disposal aided by the gravity of the water, even with the lower sash partly open.

In the drawings:

FIGURE 1 is an interior view of the window.

FIGURE 2 is a section on line 2-2 of FIG.

FIGURE 3 is a section on line 33 of FIG.

FIGURE 4 is a section on line 44 of FIG.

FIGURE 5 is a section on line 5-5 of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a section on line 66 of FIG. 5.

FIG. 7 is a section on line 7-7 of FIG. 5.

FIG. 8 is a bottom view of the swinging frames sill, revolved about a vertical and then a horizontal axis and both parallel to the building wall.

FIG. 9 is an isometric view looking into the fixed frames interior lower corner construction, typical when reversed for the other corner also, the frame being symmetrical about its vertical centerline.

In FIG. 1 the window is shown to consist of a fixed frame 10, secured to the building wall in the usual manner, and a swinging frame 11 hinged at one side as at 12 to swing inwardly and having catches or locks 13 on the opposite side. The swinging frame carries two parallelmoving sashes 14 and 15, the latter being the lower and inner sash and serving, at times, as a vertically moving bolt to prevent the frame 11 from swinging when sash 15 is in lowered position.

As in my cited patent, the usual stool 16 instead of being a part of the fixed sill 17 is fast to the swinging frame 11, hence when one seeks to open the frame 11 with the sash 15 down, the bottom of this sash strikes the face 18 (FIG. 4) of a small projection 19 which is a part of the fixed frame 10 so that neither the sash 15 nor the swinging frame 11 may be moved to opening position as long as sash 15 is in lowest position.

Referring to the upper portion of FIG. 2, showing the head 20 of the fixed frame secured to the building wall 21, the head 22 of the swinging frame 11 has track guides 24 and 25 respectively for sash 14 and for sash 15, separated by parting strip 23. These guides continue into the lower portion of the fixed frame as may be seen in FIG. 4 and FIG. 9. The weather corner 26 of the head 22 of the swinging frame 11 is sealed by two resilient gaskets 27a which will be described more fully in connection with FIG. 7 which is on an enlarged scale. Sash 14 also has two gaskets 27a.

FIG. 3 is a horizontal section looking down on closed sash 14, raised sash 15 and stool 16, sashes are shown in section; the opposing jamb section is similar and symmetrical about the vertical window centerline. The closed swinging frame 11 is shown in dashed outline when swung open. Jamb 29 of the swinging frame 11 is shown closed in jamb 28 of the fixed frame 10. Gaskets 27b are similar in function to gaskets 27a in FIG. 2.

The sill section at the bottom of FIG. 4 shows the position of the lower sash 15 for maximum ventilation with the bottom of sill 33 of sash 15 just sufiiciently below the level of the top of stool 16 to prevent rain from entering, the left being the outdoors and outside in this figure. Meeting rails 30 and 31, sloping as usual, while fitting each other snugly when the sashes are closed and having a gasket 27c are now well spaced vertically forming a passage indicated by the arrow 32 for entry of air but barring entry of rain even with heavy gusts. Rain entering .PsHHi-l below raised sash sill 33 is stopped by gasket 27a in stool 16 and therefore flows into gutter 34 which empties via weep holes 35 and out on the well sloping floor 36 of the fixed frame sill 17. Gasket 27d shown in horizontal position behind meeting rail 30 of the closed sash 14, extends in its holding groove in the parting strip 23 of swinging frame 11 from sash 14 to sash 15 only, so as to complete the seal at the meeting rails of the closed sashes 14 and 15 at both jambs. The bottom of sash sill 33 of sash 15 and the weather face of stool 16 also have resilient gaskets 27e as shown for double sealing.

FIG. shows the plan of the lower fixed frame without the hinged frame 11. Gutter 34 and weep holes 35 are pitched to empty on the fixed sill floor 36 of the sill 17 Then referring to FIG. 6 it shows the sloping shiplap joint 38 between fixed frame 10 and swinging frame 11, the opposite jamb is similar. Resilient gaskets '27 are held by swinging frame 11; this same detail applies on both jambs. The down sloping face 39 of swinging frame 11 forms with the registering face 40 of fixed frame 10 the shiplap joint 38, when the swinging frame 11 is closed and its horizontal projection 39a partly overlaps the raised stop 10a of the fixed frame 10.

The preferred shape of the resilient gaskets, shown on an enlarged scale, is best seen in FIG. 7, where gasket 27e is shown in a locking retaining groove 41 that whenever possible is open at both ends to permit easy servicing. Groove 41 has sloping holding sides 42, while the smaller converging sides 43 tend to cause the lower portion 44 to press against the upper face 45 of the fixed frame 19 when in place and to project outwardly when free. The possible cross sectional and longitudinal minute movements of the gasket aid in sealing against temperature induced differential expansion and contraction. Also the novel way of securely supporting the gasket by only one of the sealed surfaces makes possible the use of the ringtype gaskets superior sealing with a protection against accidental or operational damages in a sheltered location added. Gutter 34 and weep holes 35 of the fixed frame projection 19 are shown just in front of gasket 27e.

FIG. 8 shows the elongated resilient gasket 27c which extends the full length of the gutter 34 and is positioned close to it, as also shown in FIG. 7. Parting strip 23 integral with frame 11 divides guides 24 and 25.

The short gaskets 27 from lateral seals, as also shown in FIG. 6.

FIG. 9 shows the various items of the fixed frame 10. The level raised stop 10a is part of the shiplap joint 38, as also is the sloping face 40. One leaf of hinge 12 is shown attached. The projection 19 shows the gutter 34 sloping towards the floor 36 of the fixed frames sill 17, the same as face 40 does.

For materials of all 27 type gaskets the use of wool, hemp, burlap, rubber, plastic, asbestos, sisal and any other resilient material, or a combination of them offer a wide range of selection.

The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:

1. A window structure including a fixed and a hinged, inwardly swinging frame, each having a head, jambs and a sill, said swinging frame having an upper and a lower sash which slide parallel to each other, a stool carried by the swinging frame, the sill of the fixed frame for the width of the lower sash having an outwardly sloping sill floor from which rises at its rear an upwardly extending projection above the level of the bottom of the lower sash when closed on the fixed frames sill floor, the lower portion of the lower sash when closed acting as a sliding bolt to prevent swinging of the swinging frame, and when the bottom of the lower sash is raised above the level of the top of said projejction', the inwardly swinging frame is free to open, said fixed frames sill floor having an additional vertically rising projection at both jamb sides, and the swinging frame is grooved to swing over said projections in shiplap fashion, the closed swinging frame, with its weather facing edges in contact with the fixed frame fitting at its head and jambs into a backhand overlap of the fixed frame for a lap-type joint, with the jamb bot toms of the swinging frame shiplapping over said additional vertically rising projections at both jamb sides of the fixed frame for a lap-type joint, and when closing the lower sash by sliding it past the sill of the closed swinging frame on the weather side of the latter and also past the rear upward projection of the fixed frame and closing it on the sill floor of the fixed frame for a lap-type joint, forming a complete lap-type joint seal between swinging and fixed frames, said closed swinging frame additionally housing ring-type resilient sealing means acting between its outdoor facing lap-type joints with the fixed frame at the head and jambs and the lap-type joint of the sill of said swinging frame with the fixed frame, means for carrying rain from said rear upwardly extension of said fixed frames sill to its outwardly sloping sill floor, consisting of a gutter in the upper surface of the fixed frame sill running parallel to and near the weather side of the said rear upwardly projection rising from the fixed sill floor and extenting from side to side thereof, and Weep holes in the fixed sill leading from the gutter to the sill floor.

2. The window structure of claim 1, the ring-type resilient sealing means at the head and jambs, comprising 2 continuous removable gaskets, housed in the closed swinging frame, bearing against both wings of the fixed frames backhand overlap adjoining the epicentre of the backhand overlaps of the fixed frame and at an angular offset from each other.

3. The window structure of claim 2, the ring-type resilient sealing means at the jamb bottoms of the closed swinging frame shiplapping over said fixed frames sill floor additional vertically rising projection at both jamb sides, comprising a removable short horizontal gasket, housed in the swinging frame bottom at each jamb, bearing against the shiplapped fixed frame, both gaskets starting on the weather side of the swinging frame, running near the outdoor edge of the closed swinging frame normal to and across said gutter in the top of the fixed frame sill to abut the an elongated resilient removable gasket, housed in the bottom of the swinging frame, bearing against the upper surface of the rear upward projection of the fixed frames sill floor for the width of the lower sash and just inwardly from above gutter and parallel to it.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 851,271 4/ 1907 Bauer 49-165 1,346,663 7/1920 McClair 49-164 X 1,882,088 10/1932 OConnor 52-209 2,116,781 5/1938 Delich 49-164 2,705,819 4/1955 Gellert et al. 52-209 2,787,348 4/ 1957 Goodemote et al. 49-164 X 3,314,201 4/ 1967 Riegelman 52-209 3,214,801 11/ 1965 Nachtsheim 49-164 DAVID J. WILLIAMOWSKY, Primary Examiner.

DENNIS L. TAYLOR, Assistant Examiner. 

